Get Ready for the New Form 1099-DA: Crypto Reporting Requirements

The Form 1099-DA, "Digital Asset Proceeds from Broker Transactions", is a recently introduced tax form by the IRS aimed at enhancing transparency within the digital asset ecosystem. These requirements apply to brokers reporting digital asset transactions, including cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and other digital commodities. This initiative comes in response to the rising need for clear compliance measures in a fast-paced digital marketplace.

These requirements for Form 1099-DA become mandatory for the 2025 tax year, hence forms will be disseminated to taxpayers and the IRS by early 2026. Previously, digital asset transactions relied heavily on self-reporting, leading to frequent inaccuracies in reporting and underreported earnings.

The Function and Significance of Form 1099-DA: With this new form, the IRS aims for increased tax compliance and enhanced accuracy in reporting within the digital asset sector. This standardized approach might simplify tax filing for some investors while underscoring the need for precise record-keeping.

Which Entities Must Issue Form 1099-DA? The duty to issue Form 1099-DA lies with "brokers" as defined by the IRS—this includes digital asset trading platforms, payment processors, and hosted wallet providers. However, decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms and non-custodial wallets generally fall outside this requirement.

Recipients of Form 1099-DA: U.S. taxpayers who engage in selling, trading, or otherwise liquidating digital assets through a recognized broker can expect to receive a Form 1099-DA in early 2026, covering 2025 transactions. This extends to individuals and businesses involved in digital assets, including those dealing with digital property exchanges in real estate transactions.

A snapshot of the information included on this form comprises:

  • Identification of payer and recipient.

  • Details like asset name, quantity, date, time, and gross proceeds.

  • Cost basis (mandatory for "covered securities" acquired post-January 1, 2026, but voluntary for the 2025 tax year).

  • Holding period.

  • Transaction type.

  • Fair Market Value (FMV).

  • Transaction fees.

  • Wash sales for tokenized securities.

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Cost Basis Reporting for 2025: A critical component for the 2025 tax year is the voluntary reporting of the cost basis by brokers. Lack of cost basis information could lead to the IRS assuming a zero basis, potentially triggering tax notices for underreported income. Taxpayers must maintain exhaustive records detailing acquisition dates and costs, fees, and sales proceeds. This documentation is vital for precisely filling out Forms 8949 and Schedule D.

Unique Reporting Guidelines for Stablecoins and NFTs: Particular rules exist for certain digital asset types:

  • Qualifying Stablecoins: Brokers can report aggregate stablecoin transactions exceeding $10,000 annually starting in 2025.

  • Specified NFTs: From 2025 onwards, sales surpassing $600 must be reported.

Role of Form 1099-DA in Tax Filing: Similar to how stock transactions are reported on Form 1099-B, information from Form 1099-DA gets reconciled with taxpayer records to calculate and report capital gains or losses on Form 1040.

Crypto Investors' Best Practices: Digital asset investors need to sustain meticulous records, contemplate employing crypto tax software, and recognize potential gaps in broker reporting, especially concerning the cost basis in 2025. Even non-reported transactions require reporting. Being continuously informed and consulting with a tax professional is crucial to navigate this evolving domain.

A specific question on Form 1040 concerning digital assets asks: “At any time during [return year], did you receive, sell, exchange, or dispose of a digital asset?” The advent of Form 1099-DA allows the IRS to cross-check responses with broker-filed forms, necessitating accurate disclosures.

Should you have questions or need support in appropriately reporting crypto activities, contact Haley Claypool & Associates for expert guidance specific to your circumstances.

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